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Article History

Received: 22 October 2025

Revised: 12 January 2026

Accepted: 3 February 2026

First Online: 27 February 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University (No. 22–064).

: Informed consent was obtained using the opt-out method after providing information about the study to all eligible participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.