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Authors
Penolazzi, Letizia
Angelini, Chiara
Nadalini, Riccardo
Chierici, Anna
Lambertini, Elisabetta
Sief, Chiara
De Bonis, Pasquale
Piva, Roberta
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Ferrara (FAR 2024)
Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie
Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca (2022RHHFCX)
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
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Article History
Accepted: 17 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: IVD tissues were collected as surgical waste from patients undergoing surgical discectomy after informed consent and approval of the Ethics Committee of the University of Ferrara and S. Anna Hospital (protocol no. 160998; approved 17 November 2016).
