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Article History

Received: 2 September 2024

Revised: 27 January 2025

Accepted: 29 January 2025

First Online: 11 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Parents and children aged 12 years and older provided written informed consent before the start of the study while younger children gave oral consent. Ethics approval for the IDEFICS/I.Family studies was obtained from the following institutional review boards of all study centres: Ethics Committee of the Gent University Hospital, Belgium, 15/10/2007, ref: No. EC UZG 2007/243 and 19/02/2013, No. B670201316342; Cyprus National Bioethics Committee, Cyprus, 12/07/2007, ref: No. EEBK/EM/2007/16 and 21/Feb/2013, No. EEBK/ETI/2012/33; Tallinn Medical Research Ethics Committee, Estonia, 14/06/2007, ref: No. 1093 and 17/January 2013, No. 128; Ethic Commission of the University of Bremen, Germany, 16/01/2007 and 11/12/2012; Medical Research Council, Hungary, 21/Jun/2007, ref: 22–156/2007-1018EKU and 18/12/2012, 4536/2013/EKU; Ethics Committee of the Local Health Authority, Avellino, Italy, 19/06/2007, ref: No. 2/CE and 18/Sep/2012, No. 12/12; Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of Aragon, Spain, 20/06/2007, ref:No. PI07/13 and 13/Feb/2013, No. PI13/0012; Regional Ethics Research Board in Gothenburg, Sweden, 30/07/2007, ref: No. 264–07 and 10/Jan/2013, No. 927–12.The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

: The authors declare no competing interests.