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Authors
Anema, Flo
Ravelli, Anita C. J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3447-8286
Onland, Wes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-0606
Bakker, Petra C. A. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-0695
Groenendaal, Floris https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-1637
Rosman, Ageeth N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3751-2950
Been, Jasper V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-6466
Tacke, Carline E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9539-5919
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Antonius, T. A. J.
Dijk, P. H.
Dijkman, K. P.
Koole, S.
Kornelisse, R. F.
Schuerman, F. A. B. A.
Tataranno, M. L.
van Westering-Kroon, E.
Witlox, R. S. G. M.
Onland, Wes
Groenendaal, Floris
Tacke, Carline E
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Article History
Received: 25 July 2025
Revised: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 27 September 2025
First Online: 25 October 2025
Declarations
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: This research used under strict conditions national registry data from Statistics Netherlands and the national Perinatal Registry (PERINED). Results are based on the calculations by the authors using the secure micro-data environment of Statistics Netherlands. Statistics Netherlands has a policy on microdata sharing ( ). Permission for analysis of the Perinatal Registry data is described on the website of PERINED ( ).
: Floris Groenendaal discloses that he serves as an expert witness in legal cases involving perinatal asphyxia and a co-inventor of 2-iminobiotin for neonatal neuroprotection. He also consults for Perined and is a member of several Data Safety Monitoring boards for obstetric, perinatal and neonatal studies. He reports no financial interest related to this study. The other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.The other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
