Aricò, Melodie O. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2072-3559
Trotta, Daniela https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2242-9328
Accomando, Francesco
Messa, Angela
D’Errico, Viviana https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7629-9646
Fornaro, Martina https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5845-5790
Aricò, Maurizio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1908-6671
Valletta, Enrico https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5735-1949
Caselli, Désirée https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-3703
Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Revised: 20 January 2026
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures followed the ethical standards of the responsible institutional committees and the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective design and anonymized data, formal ethics approval and patient consent were waived under Italian regulations (AIFA Determina Pres. 425/2024).
: Artificial intelligence tools (ChatGPT, OpenAI, 2025) were used under the authors’ supervision to assist in language editing, statistical computation, and figure formatting.All analyses were verified independently by the authors, who take full responsibility for the results and conclusions.