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Authors
Yin, Tong
Liu, Wei
Chen, Xinyuan
Chen, Suyun
Diao, Mei
Li, Long
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Hospital Authority's Ascent Plan (DFL20221101)
Research Foundation of Capital Institute of Pediatrics (XZDX-2025-020)
Research Unit of Minimally Invasive Pediatric Surgery on Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU015)
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Article History
Received: 27 January 2026
Revised: 1 March 2026
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was carried out following the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) and was approved by the Ethical Committee of Capital Institute of Pediatrics (SHERLL2024063).
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their legal guardian(s)/parents.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Figs. , , and .
: The authors declare no competing interests.
