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Authors
Pais-Cunha, Inês
Pessoa, Diogo
Silva, Maria Catarina
Ferreira-Cardoso, Henrique
Rocha, Bruno
Paiva, Rui Pedro
de Carvalho, Paulo
Fonseca, João A.
Azevedo, Inês
Jácome, Cristina
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade do Porto
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Article History
Received: 27 January 2026
Revised: 28 March 2026
Accepted: 1 May 2026
First Online: 12 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Local Health Unit of São João (approval number: 316/20; September 18, 2020, addendum dated September 20, 2023).
: Prior to data collection, written informed consent was obtained from parents. In accordance with national legislation, written informed consent was also obtained from children aged 16 years or older. For children younger than 16 years old, assent was obtained.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Fig. .
: JAF is a cofounder of MEDIDA, a small and medium enterprise that develops mobile technologies for monitoring chronic diseases. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.
