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Authors
Adelheid, Kley https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9093-1737
Leonie, Arnold
S., Urschitz Michael
Andreas, Müller
Dominique, Singer
D., Gaertner Vincent
A., Haas Nikolaus
W., Flemmer Andreas
André, Jakob
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Klinikum der Universität München
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Article History
Received: 23 March 2026
Revised: 4 May 2026
Accepted: 9 May 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was waived by the local ethics committee of Mainz in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and in view of the retrospective nature of the study, and all the procedures being performed were part of the routine care.
: Not applicable because data were collected deidentified.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: ChatGPT (GPT-4, OpenAI) and Duck.ai were used to assist with refining and improving the formulation and wording of sentences. The AI was not involved in providing any original content or research input but solely in editing and rephrasing specific sections for clarity, coherence, and style. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.
