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Authors
Sugiyama, Hiromu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5001-5169
Shiroyama, Mitsuko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-4972
Morishima, Yasuyuki https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0328-9789
Wang, Douyan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4963-1466
Namihira, Takao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8070-4523
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (25K13546)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (25fk0108681h0003)
Azabu University
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JPMJTR24RD)
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Article History
Received: 18 July 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures and animal treatments complied with the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines for reporting animal research and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (approval number 123118), which is in accordance with the Act on Welfare and Management of Animals and relevant guidelines including the Standards relating to the Care and Keeping and Reducing Pain of Laboratory Animals (Ministry of the Environment, 2006 in Japan) and the Fundamental Guidelines for Proper Conduct of Animal Experiment and Related Activities in Academic Research Institutions (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2015 in Japan).
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
