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Authors
Klimczak, Sylwia
Packi, Kacper
Rudek, Alicja
Kurowski, Marcin
Śliwińska, Agnieszka
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki (DWD/6/0469/2022)
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Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective survey-based study involving human participants was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Local Bioethics Committee at the Medical University of Lodz approved this study (approval number: RNN/27/25/KE, dated January 18, 2025). Informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Clinical trial number: not applicable.
