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Authors
Tout-Lyon, Jessica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-0839
Porter, Megan
Whipps, Christopher M.
Shamsi, Shokoofeh
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Charles Sturt University
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Article History
Received: 26 December 2025
Accepted: 21 July 2026
First Online: 28 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics: An exemption for animal care and ethics approval was granted by Charles Sturt University Animal Care and Ethics Committee for the use of fish tissue donated by anglers. A section 37 scientific research collection permit (FP24/34) was granted by the NSW Department of Primary Industries (Department of Regional NSW) to possess fish beyond the legal bag limit under the Fisheries Management Act 1994 for S. lalandi. An exemption for human research ethics approval was granted from Charles Sturt University Human Research Ethics Committee for the collection and analysis of anonymised, voluntary angler and consumer submissions. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: Not applicable.
Consent to publish: Not applicable.
Clinical trial number: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
