Hawkins, Alexander T. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-7247
Geiger, Timothy M.
King, Adam B.
Wanderer, Jonathan P.
Tiwari, Vikram
Muldoon, Roberta L.
Ford, Molly M.
Dmochowski, Roger R.
Sandberg, Warren S.
Martin, Barbara
Hopkins, M. Benjamin
McEvoy, Matthew D.
Article History
Received: 2 June 2018
Accepted: 11 October 2018
First Online: 17 October 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and the hospitals participating in the ACS NSQIP are the source of the data used herein; they have not verified and are not responsible for the statistical validity of the data analysis or the conclusions derived by the authors. Drs. Alexander T. Hawkins, Timothy M. Geiger, Adam B. King, Jonathan P. Wanderer, Vikram Tiwari, Roberta L. Muldoon, Molly M. Ford, Roger R. Dmochowski, Warren S. Sandberg M. Benjamin Hopkins, Matthew D. McEvoy, and Ms. Barbara Martin have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.