Daniel, Fady
Baydoun, Mariam
Chaitou, Ali R.
Mrad, Rudy
Makki, Maha
Khalife, Mohamad
Tamim, Hani
Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 4 October 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
: The ACS-NSQIP database is de-identified; therefore, no consent to participate or institutional review board (IRB) approval is required.
: Not applicable.