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Authors
Yang, Shiye
Zhang, Wenwen
Feng, Jinkai
Zou, Min
Gan, Xiaojie
Zhang, Aixian
Zhang, Jixiang
Xia, Chenyun
Peng, Jie
Shan, Xinyuan
Gong, Enmin
Gu, Xiaochun
Gong, Lin
Ming, Zhibing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0618-8131
Xu, Yiming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Project of Nantong Municipal Health Commission (QNZ2023032)
Excellent Young Scientific Talent Project (NT23404)
Nantong University Special Research Fund for Clinical Medicine (2024LQ025)
Pilot Project of Suzhou Basic Research (SSD2024068)
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
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: Drs. Shiye Yang, Wenwen Zhang, Jinkai Feng, Min Zou, Xiaojie Gan, Aixian Zhang, Jixiang Zhang, Chenyun Xia, Jie Peng, Xinyuan Shan, Enmin Gong, Xiaochun Gu, Lin Gong, Zhibing Ming, and Yiming Xu have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Nantong First People’s Hospital (approval number: 2025KT024). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the Institutional Ethics Committee of Nantong First People’s Hospital waived the need for obtaining informed consent.
: All authors confirm that the work described has not been published before and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. All authors have seen and given consent to the publication of this study.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable because this is a retrospective observational study.
