Pan, Shengjie
Wang, Gang https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8864-7688
Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 21 December 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: All authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript, and there are no conflicts of interest in the study. Dr. Gang Wang and Dr. Shengjie Pan have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (Approval No. SUDA20200511H05). Given the retrospective design and use of de-identified routinely collected data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable (no identifiable individual data).