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Article History

Received: 5 April 2026

Accepted: 25 April 2026

First Online: 18 May 2026

Declarations

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: Andreas M. Kaiser, MD FACS FASCRS is a board member of the NIH Pelvic Floor Network. He was a consultant for Intuitive Surgical and Virtual Incision, and he has received royalties from McGraw-Hill Publisher and Wolters Kluver Publisher. Heather Carmichael, MD has received travel support from Intuitive Surgical. Teresa deBeche-Adams, MD FACS FASCRS is a consultant for Distalmotion and Intuitive Surgical. Mukta K Krane, MD FACS has received speaker honoraria from IBD Horizons. Farah A. Husain MD FACS FASMBS has received speaker honoraria from Ethicon and from W.L. Gore. Omar M. Ghanem, MD FACS has received speaker honoraria from Olympus and is a consultant for Medtronic and Intuitive Surgical. Patricia Sylla, MD FACS FASCRS has received honoraria from Olympus, Medtronic, Ethicon, and Safeheal. The following co-authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose: Lawrence Lee, MD PhD, FASCRS, Nathan Aminpour, MD, Nawar A. Alkhamesi, MD, Ana Sofia Ore, MD MSc MPH, Siva Dantu, MD, Evelyn Janet Bonilla, MD, Nour El Ghazal, MD, Elisabeth C. McLemore, MD FACS FASCRS.