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Authors
Yohannes, Alexander https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4562-9924
Lange, Jonas
Knievel, Judith
Brunner, Marion
Fürst, Alois
Hügle, Ulrich
Dormann, Arno J.
Eisenberger, Claus F.
Heiss, Markus M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
VACStent GmbH, Fulda
Private Universität Witten/Herdecke gGmbH
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Article History
Received: 24 April 2026
Accepted: 19 July 2026
First Online: 4 August 2026
Declarations
Disclosures: Prof. Markus Heiss is a Consultant to VAC Stent GmbH, Fulda, Germany, and holds a patent (suction stent for sealing a leakage). Prof Markus Heiss has a Research grant to Witten/Herdecke University from VAC Stent GmbH. All other authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: Ethics approval by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Witten/Herdecke University (No. 124/2018) was granted. The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. All patients provided written informed consent to participate in this study.
