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Article History

Received: 29 July 2025

Revised: 9 November 2025

Accepted: 17 November 2025

First Online: 24 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (Approval No. SCMCIRB-K2025185-1). Written informed consent for participation was obtained from the patient’s legal guardian(s).

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this work.