Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality (2024NSCQ-MSX4415)
Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Institutions of Higher Education (KJQN202300757)
Chongqing Administration of Urban Management (Chengguan Kezi 2022 No. 10)
Joint Training Base of CQJTU-CMET (JDLHPY JD2019003)
Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Revised: 17 November 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Change Date: 16 February 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-026-03131-6
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This observational study in public spaces did not involve human trials or private data collection requiring ethics approval.
: The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper, beyond the funding sources declared in the “Funding” section which supported the execution of this research.