Lee, Su Jung
Park, Yoon Jin
Cartmell, Kathleen B.
Article History
Received: 17 October 2017
Accepted: 29 January 2018
First Online: 6 February 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was conducted solely using a de-identified research dataset, with approval of exemption from review by the Institutional Board and Ethics Committee (IRB number 2017-23).
: Informed consent was not required for this study, given the use of secondary data that contained no patient identifiers.