Jacob, Louis http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-1239
Koyanagi, Ai http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-5004
Haro, Josep Maria http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3984-277X
Shin, Jae Il http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-1820
Smith, Lee http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-9833
Gremke, Niklas http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-3646
Kalder, Matthias
Kostev, Karel http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7227
Article History
Received: 9 January 2023
Accepted: 11 May 2023
First Online: 22 May 2023
Declarations
:
: German law allows the use of anonymous electronic medical records for research purposes under certain conditions. According to this legislation, it is not necessary to obtain informed consent from patients or approval from a medical ethics committee for this type of observational study that contains no directly identifiable data.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.