Jacob, Louis https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-1239
Koyanagi, Ai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-5004
Haro, Josep Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3984-277X
Shin, Jae Il https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-1820
Smith, Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-9833
Gremke, Niklas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-3646
Kalder, Matthias
Kostev, Karel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7227
Article History
Received: 9 January 2023
Accepted: 11 May 2023
First Online: 22 May 2023
Declarations
:
: German law allows the use of anonymous electronic medical records for research purposes under certain conditions. According to this legislation, it is not necessary to obtain informed consent from patients or approval from a medical ethics committee for this type of observational study that contains no directly identifiable data.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.