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Authors
Colonna, Vanessa
Bauersachs, Rupert https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-1741
Gerlach, Roman
Jucknewitz, Roland
Kalka, Christoph https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5089-0759
Klamroth, Robert https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4194-8183
Mansmann, Ulrich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-8906
Schimmelpfennig, Jutta
Schulz, Mandy
Tauscher, Martin
Ostermann, Helmut
Berger, Karin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Klinikum der Universität München
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Article History
Received: 30 January 2025
Accepted: 3 August 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was based on health insurance data, analyzed by the Central Research Institute for Ambulatory Health Care in Germany and AOK-Bayern – „Die Gesundheitskasse “. Therefore, no ethical review and no informed consent were needed according to German law. Survey data were collected through a fully anonymized questionnaire that did not gather any personally identifiable information. Participation was entirely voluntary, and respondents were informed about the purpose of the study and their right to withdraw at any time. As the study involved no risk to participants and collected no sensitive or personal data, formal written informed consent was not required.
: K. Berger, R. Jucknewitz, U. Mansmann, V. Colonna, Mandy Schulz, M. Tauscher, R. Gerlach, J. Schimmelpfennig, and H. Ostermann have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. Rupert Bauersachs: Personal fees from Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, LEO Pharma, Pfizer, and VIATRIS. Research support from the CPC University of Colorado, FADOI, Italy. Robert Klamroth: Honoraria for consultation and lectures from Bayer, Biomarin, Biotest, Chugai, CSL Behring, Grifols, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Sobi, Takeda, and Viatris. Christoph Kalka: Personal fees from Bayer.
