Sun, Jie
Fang, Xiaoming
Shi, Rui
Shao, Liying
Fan, Qingmei
Chi, Juntao
Article History
Received: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 17 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qingdao University Medical College (Approval No.: QDU-HEC-2024418).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.