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Authors
Joshi, Melanie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-3348
Nettekoven, Charlotte
Kochs, Sophia
Appelmann, Iris
Bausewein, Claudia
Becker, Gerhild
Boehlke, Christopher
Brumbarova, Tzvetina
Civello, Daniele
Clusmann, Hans
Goldbrunner, Roland
Haberland, Birgit
Heiland, Dieter Henrik
Hellmich, Martin
Herrlinger, Ulrich
Jaspers, Birgit
Müller, Dirk
Müller, Wiebke
Na, Chuh-Hyoun
Neukirchen, Martin
Radbruch, Lukas
Rapp, Marion
Rolke, Roman
Ruge, Maximilian I.
Sabel, Michael
Schnell, Oliver
Schwartz, Jacqueline
Thon, Niklas
Vatter, Hartmut
von Baumgarten, Louisa
Voltz, Raymond
Golla, Heidrun
,
Langheimer, Manuela
Kumschlies, Marita
Delev, Daniel
Krumm, Norbert
Hiddemann, Sonja
Cavelius, Hilde
Bronger, Imke
Thamm, Christina
Landwehr, Christiane
Muscheid, Mirco
Güresir, Erdem
Schaub, Christina
Schäfer, Niklas
Hesse, Michaela
Zimmer, Berit
Hüning, Kirsten
Stratmann, Claudia
Tezel, Derya
Quente, Caterina
Meyer-Sevens, Natalie
Dietrichs, Nicole
Koschnitzke, Lena
Kamp, Marcel
Schulz, Marie
Winter, Petra
Schallenburger, Manuela
Jarc, Nadja
Koch, Nicole
Wiegleb-Brunet, Anja
Naseri, Yashar
Blaß, Bianca
Machein, Marcia
Neidert, Nicolas
Heiland, Pamela
Cipriani, Debora
Vongerichten, Anna
Núñez, Mateo Tomas Fariña
Glebova, Alina
Peters, Myriam
Meer, Tina
Opitz, Saskia
Lauble, Bianca
Daniuk, Jolanda
Adler, Melanie
Hübers, Junko C.
Grau, Stefan
Ruess, Daniel
Schröter, Catharina
Melich, Patrick
Fürtjes, Gina
Jünger, Stefanie
Meißner, Anna-Katharina
Heiden, Petra
Dreher, Lena
von Spreckelsen, Niklas
Müller, Anne
Franke, Isabel
Matte, Simone
Drömer, Katarina
Hamacher, Stefanie
Stock, Stefanie
Papachristou, Irini
Schwartzkopff, Franziska
Brüggen, Annika
Barth, Christoph
Quach, Stefanie
Tonn, Jörg-Christian
Lehmann-Emele, Eva
Steinberger, Karla
Zimmerer, Christiane
Feddersen, Berend
Trautwein, Eva-Maria
Kolmhuber, Stefanie
Spickermann, Max
Herttrich, Theresa
Streitwieser, Sabine
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Köln
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Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 27 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospitals of Cologne (#19-1024_7), Aachen (#EK 147/19), Bonn (#AZ 150/9), Freiburg (#194/19), Munich (LMU) (#19-279), and Düsseldorf (#2020-862).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: HG is co-speaker of the German Society of Neurology (DGN) commission for Neuropalliative Care. UH received speakers and/or advisory board honoraria from Servier, Medac and Bayer. LR is chair of the Board of Directors of the International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC). RR is co-speaker of the physicians’ section of the German Association of Palliative Medicine. RR has received honoraria for scientific counseling services from Grunenthal, Lilly & Company, Tilray Germany and speaker fees from Aristo Pharma, Avextra, Cannamedical, Grünenthal, Hormosan, Tilray Germany. All other authors declare no competing interests.
