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Authors
Ding, Xin-Ru
Yao, Jia
Fei, Yu-Jie
Tang, Jing-Yi
Ye, Xu
Zhou, Tian-Hao
Xu, Hai-Ping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
4th Priority Discipline Development Program of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (Jiangsu Education Department [2023] No. 11)
Jiangsu Provincial Hospital Association Hospital Management Innovation Research Project (JSYGY-2-2023-551)
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 18 March 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Declarations
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: The protocols of NHANES were approved by the institutional review board of the National Center for Health Statistics, CDC. ID: NCHS IRB/ERB Protocol #2011–17, NCHS IRB/ERB Protocol #2018–01. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
