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Authors
Soff, Johannes
Demirer, Ibrahim
Sibert, Nora Tabea
Breidenbach, Clara
Ernstmann, Nicole
Heidkamp, Paula
Heier, Lina
Hiltrop, Kati
Schellack, Sophie Klara
Weiß, Johanna
Rick, Oliver
Benz, Stefan Rolf
Dragano, Nico
Kowalski, Christoph
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf. Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts
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Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 12 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (reference number: 2025-3459). This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: The data used are routine data from the German Pension Insurance that are made available for scientific use. Therefore, it is neither possible nor necessary to obtain consent.
Competing interests: Clara Breidenbach, Nora Tabea Sibert, Christoph Kowalski, Johannes Soff and Sophie Klara Schellack are employees of the German Cancer Society. Johannes Soff is a former employee of the Association of DKG-certified German Colorectal Cancer Centres. All other authors report no conflict of interest.
