Document is current

Article History

Received: 12 November 2025

Accepted: 22 June 2026

First Online: 2 July 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the PolyU Institutional Review Board (HSEARS20250722004) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Not applicable.

: Naomi Takemura is the Deputy Associate Editor of the journal, while other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.