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Authors
Smith, Sean R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-8750
Gershowitz, Jared
Stoyles, Nicholas
Richards, Blair
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 3 July 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: Institutional review board at the University of Michigan approval was obtained prior to conducting the study, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: Patients provided informed, written consent prior to participation in this study. This consent process was approved by the institutional review board.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Permission to reproduce material from other sources: Not applicable.
Clinical trial registration: Not applicable.
