Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Sahar, Noor Syazwana
Safri, Norlaili Mat
Izzuddin, Tarmizi
Zakaria, Nor Aini
Kadir, Nurul Ashikin Abdul
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (FRGS/1/2020/ICT02/UTM/02/13)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 24 October 2024
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 13 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: This study was conducted in full compliance with ethical standards and guidelines for research involving human participants. It was reviewed and approved by the Medical Research & Ethics Committee (MREC) under the Ministry of Health Malaysia, ensuring that the research adhered to ethical protocols, including informed consent, confidentiality, and participant safety. The approval for the study was granted under the reference number NMRR ID-21–02440-3BM.
