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Authors
Salam, Abdus
Abbas, Tariq O.
Naznine, Mansura
Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qatar University
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Article History
Received: 17 January 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper. There are no financial or personal relationships that could influence the work presented in this manuscript.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The data used in this research were obtained from an IRB-approved retrospective study (IRB #2020–06-116) at Sidra Medicine and Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. The study ensured that all patient information was anonymized to protect privacy and confidentiality.
: As this was a retrospective study, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) based on the nature of the data and the lack of direct patient intervention in the research.
