Funding for this research was provided by:
EPSRC (EP/T019824/1)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC12301076)
Shanghai Sailing Program (23YF1420400)
Ministry of Education (MOE-108-YSFMS-0004-012-P1)
National Science and Technology Council (113-2115-M-007 -014 -MY2)
Article History
Received: 28 May 2024
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interest with any party.
: This research is in theoretic mathematics, and does not involve any animals or human participants.