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Authors
Nambu, Ryusuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-7111
Iwama, Itaru
Takeuchi, Ichiro
Hagiwara, Shin-ichiro
Etani, Yuri
Kaji, Emiri
Yoden, Atsushi
Kakuta, Fumihiko
Hoshi, Yusuke
Tsumura, Naoya
Mizuochi, Tatsuki
Kumagai, Hideki
Yokoyama, Koji
Nishizawa, Takuya
Usami, Masaaki
Takaki, Yugo
Ebana, Ryo
Kurasawa, Shingo
Fujikawa, Hiroki
Ishige, Takashi
Kudo, Takahiro
Yoshida, M. Masashi
Shimizu, Hirotaka
Arai, Katsuhiro
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Article History
Received: 17 September 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
:
: R. Nambu received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. I. Iwama received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK. and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., and Medtronic Co. I. Takeuchi received speaker's fees from AbbVie GK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and EA Pharma Co., Ltd. SI. Hagiwara received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and Alfresa Pharma Co., Ltd. Y. Etani received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK. and EA Pharma Co., Ltd. T. Mizuochi received lecture fees from AbbVie GK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Nobelpharma Co., Ltd., Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd. and Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and consulting fees from AbbVie GK and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. H. Kumagai received lecture fees from AbbVie GK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Toa Shinyaku Co., Ltd., ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, and JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. M. Usami received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK., and Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Y. Takaki received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. T. Ishige received speaker’s fees from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp., EA Pharma Co., Abbvie GK, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., Alfresa Pharma Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., JIMRO Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Sandoz K.K. and Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. T. Kudo received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Sandoz K.K., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., and Mochida pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. H. Shimizu received speaker’s fees from AbbVie GK., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Covidien Japan Inc. K. Arai received research grant and/or speaker’s fee from AbbVie GK, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Takeda Phartaceutical CO., Ltd., EA Pharma Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Pfizer Inc., Zeria Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mochida pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Bristol Myers Squibb Company. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.
: This study was conducted in accord with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) and was approved by the central ethics committee of Saitama Children's Medical Center (approval number: 2024–04-016) and by the institutional review boards of all participating centers. Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out approach via institutional websites.
