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Article History

Received: 4 April 2023

Accepted: 26 May 2023

First Online: 7 June 2023

Declarations

:

: Each author certifies that he or she, or a member of his or her immediate family, has no commercial association (i.e., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted manuscript.

: This retrospective study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board (approval number, 3233; date of approval, February 24, 2022).

: All eligible patients were allowed to opt out of the study at the Department of Anesthesiology of Nara Medical University website.