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Authors
Emejuo, Nnenna T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0983-2076
UgwuanyI, Hillary E.
Ihedioha, John I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0780-7531
Shoyinka, Vincent S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-0295
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Animal rights and welfare were duly observed during this work and ethical approval for the use of animal was gotten from the Animal welfare and Ethics Committee Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Consent for publication was obtained for every individual person’s data included in the study.
: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
