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Article History

Received: 4 July 2022

Revised: 17 February 2023

Accepted: 19 February 2023

First Online: 2 March 2023

Declarations

:

: Dr Pang-Hung Wu as first co-author declared his spouse is the director of Singapore-based company Endocare PTE Ltd. which distributes orthopedic and spine products including BESS, NSK drill, and Bonss energy system. No other co-authors have conflict of interest. No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: All patients had given their informed consent for photographs, videos, and images for publication.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Nanoori Hospital’s Ethics Committee and the national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.