Chanbour, Hani
Waddell, William Hunter
Vickery, Justin
LaBarge, Matthew E.
Croft, Andrew J.
Longo, Michael
Roth, Steven G.
Hills, Jeffrey M.
Abtahi, Amir M.
Zuckerman, Scott L.
Stephens, Byron F. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5397-5344
Article History
Received: 20 February 2023
Revised: 14 May 2023
Accepted: 26 August 2023
First Online: 22 September 2023
Declarations
:
: Dr. Stephens is a consultant for Nuvasive and Carbofix and receives institutional research support from Nuvasive and Stryker Spine. Dr. Zuckerman reports being an unaffiliated neurotrauma consultant for the National Football League. Dr. Abtahi receives an institutional research support from Stryker Spine. No other perceived conflict of interest by any of the listed authors.
: This study was approved by the IRB committee at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (IRB#211290). We certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Podium Presentation Southern Orthopedic Association (SOA) 2022, Greenbrier, WV.