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Authors
Kusumoto, Hirofumi
Tetreault, Tyler A.
Heffernan, Michael J.
Sponseller, Paul D.
Cheung, Kenneth M. C.
Gomez, Jaime A.
Hwang, Steven W.
Gupta, Purnendu
,
Andras, Lindsay M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-7878
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2024
Revised: 25 October 2024
Accepted: 12 February 2025
First Online: 20 March 2025
Declarations
:
: The remaining authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The authors can confirm that the study was approved by the appropriate institution and certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: LA has the following disclosures: Eli Lilly: Stock or stock Options. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics: Editorial or governing board. Medtronic: Paid presenter or speaker. Nuvasive: Paid consultant; Paid presenter or speaker. Orthobullets: Publishing royalties, financial or material support. Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America: Board or committee member. Scoliosis Research Society: Board or committee member. Zimmer Biomet: Paid consultant; Paid presenter or speaker. SH has the following disclosures: Auctus: Stock or stock Options. Nuvasive: Paid Speaker. Zimmer Biomet: Paid Speaker. JG has the following disclosures: Stryker: Paid presenter or speaker; Research support; consultant/advisor. Zimmer Biomet: Paid presenter or speaker; consultant/advisor. KC has the following disclosures: Ellipse technologies: Research support; Paid consultant. Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons: Board or committee member. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery: Editorial or governing board. Scoliosis Research Society: Board or committee member. Spine Deformity: Editorial or governing board. Nuvasive: Research support. Globus Medical: Consultant/Advisor. Medtronic: Consultant/Advisor. PS has the following disclosures: DePuy, A Johnson & Johnson Company: IP royalties; Paid consultant; Research support. Globus Medical: IP royalties. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: Editorial or governing board. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - American: Publishing royalties, financial or material support. Orthpediatrics: Other financial or material support, consultant/advisor. Scoliosis Research Society: Board or committee member. DePuy: Consultant/Advisor, Paid Speaker. Nuvasive: Consultant/Advisor, Paid speaker. PSSG has the following disclosures: Globus Medical: Grants/Research Support, Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). DePuy Synthes: Grants/Research Support; Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). OrthoPediatrics: Grants/Research Support; Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). ZimVie: Grants/Research Support; Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). Medtronic: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). nView Medical: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). Alphatec Spine: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). Stryker Spine: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). Boston Orthotics: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc). Pacira: Other Financial Or Material Support (royalties, patents, etc)
