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Article History

Received: 7 April 2025

Revised: 7 July 2025

Accepted: 28 July 2025

First Online: 12 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors report no conflict of interest. The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s).

: During the preparation of this work the authors used [Claude 3.7 sonnet/Anthropic] in order to Grammar proofreading, refinement of sentences, and validation of statistical analysis. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication. All data interpretation and clinical judgments were ultimately reviewed and decided by experienced physicians, with AI tools serving only as technical aids and having no impact on academic conclusions.

: The present study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital (approval No. SCHUH 2021-01-012). Informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study.