Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Mastrokostas, Paul G.
Mastrokostas, Leonidas E.
Lavi, Aaron B.
Razi, Abigail
Emara, Ahmed K.
Dalton, Jonathan
Kepler, Christopher K.
Monsef, Jad Bou
Razi, Afshin E.
Ng, Mitchell K.
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 26 January 2025
Revised: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
:
: Mitchell K. Ng has the following disclosures: Stryker Inc. (paid consultant), Johnson & Johnson Ethicon Inc. (paid consultant), CurvaFix Inc. (paid consultant), Pacira BioSciences Inc. (paid consultant), Sage Products Inc. (paid consultant), Alafair Biosciences Inc. (paid consultant), Next Science LLC (paid consultant), Bonutti Technologies Inc. (paid consultant), Hippocrates Opportunities Fund LLC (paid consultant), and Ferghana Partners Inc. (paid consultant). Christopher K. Kepler has the following disclosures: Clinical Spine Surgery (editorial or governing board), Curetiva (IP royalties), and Regeneration Technologies Inc. (IP royalties). All other authors have no other relevant financial disclosures. The author(s) declare that there is no conflict of interest and received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
