Arnolds, Delroy
Maqungo, Sithombo
Held, Michael
Ferreira, Nando
Dey, Roopam
Waters, Robyn
Laubscher, Maritz
Graham, Simon Matthew
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR155559)
Medical Research Council (MR/Y00955X/1)
Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 19 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interests.
: .Ethical (REF: HREC 590/2016 (University of Cape Town)and N17/05/052 (University of Stellenbosch) and hospital institutional approval (Groote Schuur Hospital and Tygerberg Hospital) for the was obtained and patient confidentiality was appropriately maintained. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.