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Article History

Received: 20 December 2019

Accepted: 11 February 2020

First Online: 12 March 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

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: AJ, AS, and SSM have no conflicts of interest to disclose in relation to the present manuscript. JJM has received consulting and speaker honoraria from Astra Zeneca, BMS, Eli Lilly, MSD, NovoNordisk, and Sanofi. He has received research support from Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, NovoNordisk, Novartis, and Sanofi (to his institution). MAN has received consulting and speaker honoraria from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Co., Fractyl, GlaxoSmithKline, Hoffman La Roche, Intarcia/Servier Menarini/Berlin-Chemie, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, NovoNordisk, and Sun Pharma. He has received grant support from Eli Lilly & Co., GlaxoSmithKline, Intarcia/Servier, Menarini/Berlin-Chemie, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, NovoNordisk, and Novartis Pharma (to his institution).

: The present study was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical faculty of the Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany (Registration Number 22/7/11) and was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, sixth revision, and current ICH GCP guidelines.

: All patients gave written informed consent after having received written and oral information on the project, before any individual study-related activity was started.