Giovanelli, Luca
Biganzoli, Giacomo
Spataro, Antonio
Malacarne, Mara
Bernardelli, Giuseppina
Spada, Raffaella
Pagani, Massimo
Biganzoli, Elia
Lucini, Daniela http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4845-8988
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università degli Studi di Milano
Article History
Received: 5 July 2023
Accepted: 12 October 2023
First Online: 9 November 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This is a retrospective study based on the Olympic Athletes database of the Exercise Clinic (located at Istituto Auxologico Italiano) of the University of Milan. All data were obtained as part of the yearly preparticipation clinical evaluation of the Italian Olympic athletes national pool, and performed at the CONI Medical Institute in Rome. All athletes signed an informed consent not only to the clinical evaluation (necessary for their participation to the Olympic games) but also for eventual use of their anonymized data in future studies. This procedure has been approved by the scientific committee of the CONI Institute (17 April 2017) and the Ethics Committee of the University of Milano (23 September 2019).
: All subjects gave their written informed consent.