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Authors
Nagaya, Motoki
Yokoyama, Yukihiro
Mizuno, Yota
Nakajima, Hiroki
Inoue, Takayuki
Tanaka, Shinya
Yano, Ryoya
Hayashi, Naoki
Nishida, Yoshihiro
Ebata, Tomoki
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Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 19 September 2025
Declarations
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: Yukihiro Yokoyama is an endorsed chair of the Department of Perioperative Medicine funded by Yakult Honsha. Ryoya Yano and Naoki Hayashi were employees of Yakult Honsha. Motoki Nagaya, Yota Mizuno, Hiroki Nakajima, Takayuki Inoue, Shinya Tanaka, Yoshihiro Nishida, Tomoki Ebata has no conflict of interest.
: The study was approved by the Nagoya University Hospital Ethics Committee.
