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Authors
Shinohara, Kentaro
Saito, Takuya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-9209
Yasui, Kohei
Ueda, Sho
Matsumura, Tatsuki
Osawa, Takaaki
Ando, Masataka
Fukami, Yasuyuki
Kaneko, Kenitiro
Sano, Tsuyoshi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Intuitive Surgical (Technology Research Grants 2023)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23K15461)
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Article History
Received: 5 June 2025
Accepted: 20 August 2025
First Online: 8 November 2025
Declarations
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: Kentaro Shinohara, Takuya Saito, Yasuyuki Fukami, and Tsuyoshi Sano received research grants from Intuitive Surgical Inc. Kohei Yasui, Sho Ueda, Tatsuki Matsumura, Takaaki Osawa, Masataka Ando, and Kenitiro Kaneko declare no conflicts of interest in association with the present study.
