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Authors
Sasanuma, Hideki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9758-7295
Kawahira, Hiroshi
Yamaguchi, Hironori
Kitayama, Joji
Sata, Naohiro
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: We have no competing financial interests or personal relationships to declare that could be perceived to have influenced the work reported in this paper.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol for this research project was discussed by the Institutional Review Board of Jichi Medical University Hospital (Approval No. 25 − 007) and was determined to be exempt from formal ethical review. As this was an anonymous and voluntary survey, the return of a completed questionnaire was considered as implied consent from the participants.
