Wang, Lu
Wang, Ruizhe
Yang, Bin
Zhang, Fei
Zhao, Juan
Wang, Shaoming
Dong, Ming
Cheng, Yue
Li, Yan
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Youth Fund of Tianjin Normal University (No. 52XQ1902)
the Postgraduate Innovative Research Projects of Tianjin Normal University (No. 2024KYCX118Y)
Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Program (No. 25ZYCGSN00780)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22404122)
the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (No. 23JCQNJC01640)
Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 20 September 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Human urine and serum samples were obtained from Nanjing Senbeijia Biological Technology Co., Ltd. The protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Tianjin University, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the experiment. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: The authors declare no competing interests.