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Authors
Yu, Zengshan
Zhang, Zhibin
Guo, Shan
Li, Zelong
Chen, Hao
Gai, Jichuan
Wei, Jiyuan
Xu, Shiqi
Wang, Mingli
Shi, Guochao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (BJ2025135)
the project of the Graduate Student Innovation Ability Training of Education of Hebei Province Department (CXZZSS2026134)
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Article History
Received: 10 December 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 3 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengde Medical University (Approval No. 2024030). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study. For participants under legal guardianship, informed consent was obtained from their legal guardians.
: Not applicable, as only anonymized serum samples were used and no identifying information or personal details are disclosed.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
