Cai, Xinjie https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1843-6172
Shigenobu, Shuji https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4640-2323
Yamaguchi, Katsushi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-7882
Ishizuka, Wataru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5773-2753
Uchiyama, Kentaro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-3034
Kitamura, Keiko https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0519-3553
Goto, Susumu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-5438
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16H02554, 20H030, 23H022421)
National Institute for Basic Biology (23NIBB426, 24NIBB459)
Research Center for Computational Science (NIBB, 24-IMS-C351)
The University of Tokyo
Article History
Received: 18 March 2026
Accepted: 8 June 2026
First Online: 24 June 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Appropriate permission to collect A. sachalinensis was formally obtained from the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest. All necessary permits were secured prior to sample collection. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines and regulations. The study did not involve any endangered or protected species.