Passias, Peter G.
Poorman, Gregory W.
Vasquez-Montes, Dennis
Wang, Charles
Jalai, Cyrus
Horn, Samantha R.
Steinmetz, Leah M.
Bortz, Cole A.
Segreto, Frank A.
Moon, John
Zhou, Peter L.
Diebo, Bassel G.
Vira, Shaleen
Article History
Received: 9 April 2018
Accepted: 11 June 2018
First Online: 28 June 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Dr. Passias reports personal fees from Medicrea, personal fees from SpineWave, non-financial support from Allosource, personal fees from Zimmer Biomet, personal fees from Globus, grants from CSRS, personal fees from Aesculap, outside the submitted work. All other authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements) or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee Institutional Review Board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.