Document is current

Article History

Received: 25 October 2024

Accepted: 6 May 2025

First Online: 13 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This retrospective single-center study was approved by the institutional review board of the Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center (approval number: 23089), which confirmed that it adhered to the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.

: This study was approved by Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center Ethics Committee (Approval no: 23089). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The need for written informed consent was waived by the committee due to the retrospective nature of the study. However, comprehensive informed consent was obtained through an opt-out method, with information provided via a poster on our institutional website, allowing participants the opportunity to decline participation.

: Given the retrospective design of the study, the need for written patient consent was waived. However, we respected patient autonomy using an opt-out consent method. We informed potential participants about the study by uploading a poster on our institutional website that offered the opportunity not to enroll in the study. We affirm that all the participants involved in the study provided comprehensive informed consent for publication of the images in Fig. a‒f.

: The authors declare no competing interests.